The Plasmid-borne mobile colistin resistance (MCR-1) in healthy humans and poultry

Authors

  • Himen Salimizand 1Liver and Digestive Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
  • Foad Azmoudeh Ardalan Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
  • Samira Amini Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences
  • Hamed Aminrasouli Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan
  • Farzad Badmasti Department of Microbiology, Institute Pasteur of Iran

Abstract

Background and aim: The emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria has become a menace to global public health and socio-economic development. Colistin is used as the last resort antibiotic in refractory infections. However, resistant isolates are reported frequently. The aim of this study was to find mcr genes in healthy people poultry farms in Sanandaj, west of Iran.

Methods and materials: In this study, faecal samples were collected from two groups of humans and poultry. Colistin-containing screening media as well as colistin-EDTA-containing medium to screen plasmid-mediated colistin resistance. PCR for prevalent mcr genes was performed. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done for MCR-harboring isolates.

Results: In this study, no colistin-resistant bacteria were isolated from poultry samples (0%) while two human E. coli isolates showed resistance to colistin (0.59%). Of which, one isolate was inhibited by EDTA and harboured the MCR-1 variant. The MIC for colistin was 16 mg/L.

Conclusion: The results indicated the low prevalence of this gene in healthy individuals and the poultry industry. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of MCR in healthy individuals from Iran.

References

Bell, Drew T., Bergman, Yehudit, Kazmi, Abida Q., Lewis, Shawna, Tamma, Pranita D., & Simner, Patricia J. (2019). A Novel Phenotypic Method To Screen for Plasmid-Mediated Colistin Resistance among Enterobacteriales. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 57(5), e00040-00019. doi: 10.1128/jcm.00040-19

Borowiak, Maria, Fischer, Jennie, Hammerl, Jens A, Hendriksen, Rene S, Szabo, Istvan, & Malorny, Burkhard. (2017). Identification of a novel transposon-associated phosphoethanolamine transferase gene, mcr-5, conferring colistin resistance in d-tartrate fermenting Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Paratyphi B. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 72(12), 3317-3324.

Brennan-Krohn, Thea, Pironti, Alejandro, & Kirby, James E. (2018). Synergistic activity of colistin-containing combinations against colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 62(10).

Carroll, Laura M, Gaballa, Ahmed, Guldimann, Claudia, Sullivan, Genevieve, Henderson, Lory O, & Wiedmann, Martin. (2019). Identification of novel mobilized colistin resistance gene mcr-9 in a multidrug-resistant, colistin-susceptible Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium isolate. MBio, 10(3).

CLSI. (2012). Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria That Grow Aerobically; Approved Standard—Ninth Edition. CLSI document M07-A9 Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. 950 West Valley Road, Suite 2500, Wayne, Pennsylvania 19087, USA.

CLSI. (2020). Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. 950 West Valley Road, Suite 2500, Wayne, Pennsylvania 19087 USA.

Elbediwi, Mohammed, Li, Yan, Paudyal, Narayan, Pan, Hang, Li, Xiaoliang, Xie, Shaohua, . . . C Rankin, Shelley. (2019). Global burden of colistin-resistant bacteria: mobilized colistin resistance genes study (1980–2018). Microorganisms, 7(10), 461.

Franklin, Alan B, Ramey, Andrew M, Bentler, Kevin T, Barrett, Nicole L, McCurdy, Loredana M, Ahlstrom, Christina A, . . . Chandler, Jeffrey C. (2020). Gulls as Sources of environmental contamination by colistin-resistant Bacteria. Scientific reports, 10(1), 1-10.

Jousset, Agnès B., Bernabeu, Sandrine, Bonnin, Remy A., Creton, Elodie, Cotellon, Garance, Sauvadet, Aimie, . . . Dortet, Laurent. (2019). Development and validation of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay for detection of the five families of plasmid-encoded colistin resistance. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 53(3), 302-309. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.10.022

Kieffer, Nicolas, Aires-de-Sousa, Marta, Nordmann, Patrice, & Poirel, Laurent. (2017). High rate of MCR-1–producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae among pigs, Portugal. Emerging infectious diseases, 23(12), 2023.

Kurekci, Cemil, Aydin, Muhsin, Nalbantoglu, Ozkan Ufuk, & Gundogdu, Aycan. (2018). First report of Escherichia coli carrying the mobile colistin resistance gene mcr-1 in Turkey. Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance, 15, 169-170. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgar.2018.09.013

Liu, Yi-Yun, Wang, Yang, Walsh, Timothy R, Yi, Ling-Xian, Zhang, Rong, Spencer, James, . . . Huang, Xianhui. (2016). Emergence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance mechanism MCR-1 in animals and human beings in China: a microbiological and molecular biological study. The Lancet infectious diseases, 16(2), 161-168.

Mohsin, Jalila, Pál, Tibor, Petersen, Jorgen Eskild, Darwish, Dania, Ghazawi, Akela, Ashraf, Tanveer, & Sonnevend, Agnes. (2017). Plasmid-Mediated Colistin Resistance Gene mcr-1 in an Escherichia coli ST10 Bloodstream Isolate in the Sultanate of Oman. Microbial Drug Resistance, 24(3), 278-282. doi: 10.1089/mdr.2017.0131

Moosavian, Mojtaba, & Emam, Nasrin. (2019). The first report of emerging mobilized colistin-resistance (mcr) genes and ERIC-PCR typing in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates in southwest Iran. Infection and drug resistance, 12, 1001-1010. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S192597

Nikkhahi, F., Robatjazi, S., Niazadeh, M., Javadi, A., Shahbazi, G. H., Aris, P., . . . Emam, N. (2021). First detection of mobilized colistin resistance mcr-1 gene in Escherichia coli isolated from livestock and sewage in Iran. New Microbes New Infect, 41, 100862. doi: 10.1016/j.nmni.2021.100862

Rhouma, M., Beaudry, F., Thériault, W., & Letellier, A. (2016). Colistin in Pig Production: Chemistry, Mechanism of Antibacterial Action, Microbial Resistance Emergence, and One Health Perspectives. Front Microbiol, 11(1789). doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01789

Sonnevend, Ágnes, Ghazawi, Akela, Alqahtani, Manaf, Shibl, Atef, Jamal, Wafa, Hashmey, Rayhan, & Pal, Tibor. (2016). Plasmid-mediated colistin resistance in Escherichia coli from the Arabian Peninsula. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 50, 85-90.

Sulaiman, Abd Allah Alhaj, & Kassem, Issmat I. (2019). First report on the detection of the plasmid-borne colistin resistance gene mcr-1 in multi-drug resistant E. coli isolated from domestic and sewer waters in Syrian refugee camps in Lebanon. Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease, 30, 117-120. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2019.06.014

Sun, Hongzhe, Zhang, Qi, Wang, Runming, Wang, Haibo, Wong, Yuen-Ting, Wang, Minji, . . . Ho, Pak-Leung. (2020). Resensitizing carbapenem-and colistin-resistant bacteria to antibiotics using auranofin. Nature communications, 11(1), 1-13.

Wang, Chengcheng, Feng, Yu, Liu, Lina, Wei, Li, Kang, Mei, & Zong, Zhiyong. (2020). Identification of novel mobile colistin resistance gene mcr-10. Emerging microbes & infections, 9(1), 508-516.

Yin, Wenjuan, Li, Hui, Shen, Yingbo, Liu, Zhihai, Wang, Shaolin, Shen, Zhangqi, . . . Wang, Yang. (2017). Novel plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene mcr-3 in Escherichia coli. MBio, 8(3).

cover page - issue 1- volume 1

Downloads

Published

2023-03-28

How to Cite

Salimizand, H., Azmoudeh Ardalan, F., Amini, S., Aminrasouli, H., & Badmasti, F. (2023). The Plasmid-borne mobile colistin resistance (MCR-1) in healthy humans and poultry. International Journal of New Findings in Health and Educational Sciences (IJHES), 1(1), 1–6. Retrieved from https://ijhespub.org/index.php/pub/article/view/3

Issue

Vol. 1 No. 1 (2023): IJHES

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of New Findings in Health and Educational Sciences (IJHES)

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

The journal is licensed under a Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).

 

You are free to:

  1. Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
  2. Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
  3. The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.

Under the following terms:

  1. Attribution - You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
  2. No additional restrictions - You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.